定義線(xiàn)程池
第一步,先在Spring Boot主類(lèi)中定義一個(gè)線(xiàn)程池,比如:
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
@EnableAsync
@Configuration
class TaskPoolConfig {
@Bean("taskExecutor")
public Executor taskExecutor() {
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
executor.setCorePoolSize(10);
executor.setMaxPoolSize(20);
executor.setQueueCapacity(200);
executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(60);
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("taskExecutor-");
executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
return executor;
}
}
}
上面我們通過(guò)使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)線(xiàn)程池,同時(shí)設(shè)置了以下這些參數(shù):
- 核心線(xiàn)程數(shù)10:線(xiàn)程池創(chuàng)建時(shí)候初始化的線(xiàn)程數(shù)
- 最大線(xiàn)程數(shù)20:線(xiàn)程池最大的線(xiàn)程數(shù),只有在緩沖隊(duì)列滿(mǎn)了之后才會(huì)申請(qǐng)超過(guò)核心線(xiàn)程數(shù)的線(xiàn)程
- 緩沖隊(duì)列200:用來(lái)緩沖執(zhí)行任務(wù)的隊(duì)列
- 允許線(xiàn)程的空閑時(shí)間60秒:當(dāng)超過(guò)了核心線(xiàn)程出之外的線(xiàn)程在空閑時(shí)間到達(dá)之后會(huì)被銷(xiāo)毀
- 線(xiàn)程池名的前綴:設(shè)置好了之后可以方便我們定位處理任務(wù)所在的線(xiàn)程池
- 線(xiàn)程池對(duì)拒絕任務(wù)的處理策略:這里采用了
CallerRunsPolicy
策略,當(dāng)線(xiàn)程池沒(méi)有處理能力的時(shí)候,該策略會(huì)直接在 execute 方法的調(diào)用線(xiàn)程中運(yùn)行被拒絕的任務(wù);如果執(zhí)行程序已關(guān)閉,則會(huì)丟棄該任務(wù)
#使用線(xiàn)程池
在定義了線(xiàn)程池之后,我們?nèi)绾巫尞惒秸{(diào)用的執(zhí)行任務(wù)使用這個(gè)線(xiàn)程池中的資源來(lái)運(yùn)行呢?方法非常簡(jiǎn)單,我們只需要在@Async
注解中指定線(xiàn)程池名即可,比如:
@Slf4j
@Component
public class Task {
public static Random random = new Random();
@Async("taskExecutor")
public void doTaskOne() throws Exception {
log.info("開(kāi)始做任務(wù)一");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.info("完成任務(wù)一,耗時(shí):" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
}
@Async("taskExecutor")
public void doTaskTwo() throws Exception {
log.info("開(kāi)始做任務(wù)二");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.info("完成任務(wù)二,耗時(shí):" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
}
@Async("taskExecutor")
public void doTaskThree() throws Exception {
log.info("開(kāi)始做任務(wù)三");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.info("完成任務(wù)三,耗時(shí):" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
}
}
#單元測(cè)試
最后,我們來(lái)寫(xiě)個(gè)單元測(cè)試來(lái)驗(yàn)證一下
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private Task task;
@Test
public void test() throws Exception {
task.doTaskOne();
task.doTaskTwo();
task.doTaskThree();
Thread.currentThread().join();
}
}
執(zhí)行上面的單元測(cè)試,我們可以在控制臺(tái)中看到所有輸出的線(xiàn)程名前都是之前我們定義的線(xiàn)程池前綴名開(kāi)始的,說(shuō)明我們使用線(xiàn)程池來(lái)執(zhí)行異步任務(wù)的試驗(yàn)成功了!
2018-03-27 22:01:15.620 INFO 73703 --- [ taskExecutor-1] com.didispace.async.Task : 開(kāi)始做任務(wù)一
2018-03-27 22:01:15.620 INFO 73703 --- [ taskExecutor-2] com.didispace.async.Task : 開(kāi)始做任務(wù)二
2018-03-27 22:01:15.620 INFO 73703 --- [ taskExecutor-3] com.didispace.async.Task : 開(kāi)始做任務(wù)三
2018-03-27 22:01:18.165 INFO 73703 --- [ taskExecutor-2] com.didispace.async.Task : 完成任務(wù)二,耗時(shí):2545毫秒
2018-03-27 22:01:22.149 INFO 73703 --- [ taskExecutor-3] com.didispace.async.Task : 完成任務(wù)三,耗時(shí):6529毫秒
2018-03-27 22:01:23.912 INFO 73703 --- [ taskExecutor-1] com.didispace.async.Task : 完成任務(wù)一,耗時(shí):8292毫秒
#完整示例:
讀者可以根據(jù)喜好選擇下面的兩個(gè)倉(cāng)庫(kù)中查看Chapter4-1-3
項(xiàng)目:
- Github:https://github.com/dyc87112/SpringBoot-Learningopen in new window
- Gitee:https://gitee.com/didispace/SpringBoot-Learning